Finance
Earn a year's dues across the year you deliver it.
Money collected in January belongs to the eleven months that follow it, and the books say so without anyone maintaining a second spreadsheet to prove it. Credits, refunds and adjustments reach finance from the same place the member saw them. Your auditor and your membership director are reading the same numbers, from the same source, at the same time.
Spread a year of dues across a year
Dues collected in January are not January's income. The system holds that distinction so your accountant does not rebuild it in a spreadsheet.
Close a month that reconciles
Orders, refunds and adjustments reach the accounting view from the source the cart wrote. The numbers agree because they came from the same place.